I'm unable to give you other examples off the top of my head, but I find the Pencil icon a little unreliable and in more recent years I've found the more reliable way to translate has been the complicated route described previously.
Also, what do you mean by "the change was considered minimal enough to not trigger the update". Surely if anything changes inside a translated object (which was my case here), it should "trigger" an update, no? Could you describe the conditions for "trigggering" or is there further documentation I could read on this?
What I meant was that there was a chance that possibly the change did not trigger an update because it was minor such as a period or a comma, however, by default you are correct any change should trigger an update.
If we are able to reproduce we can further investigate it, however, at the moment it does look like possibly something was "stuck" (for lack of better words) and re sending it for translation resets that.
OK, if you say that any change should trigger an update, I'm relieved.
I guess I got used to using the long-winded multiple click process of the Translation Dashboard now, which seems to work more reliably than the still-available-but-not-reliable pencil icon and we identified and resolved my issue in this ticket (the incorrect saving of the homepage).
I saw something pop up somewhere as well about better notifications for "stuck" translations, however a "stuck" translation is defined.