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Problem:
WordPress found a fatal database error on the Website that looks this way:

COLLATION ‘utf8_general_ci’ is not valid for CHARACTER SET ‘utf8mb4’

Solution:
The reason for this issue is that various database tables use a different collations.

To solve the issue a matching and similar collation for all DB tables.

You can run the following MySQL query to solve such an issue, but it will need to be adjusted with the matching table prefix and also in case a different collation is used than mentioned inside the query:

ALTER TABLE wp_posts CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_520_ci;

Relevant Documentation:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-database.html

Problem:
On the translated pages in English, the links are pointing to the original Dutch pages instead of the translated English pages.

Solution:
You need to translate the page and finish the translation job.
- Go to WPML->Translation Management-> Send the page for translation and then take the translation job.
- Translate 100% and save.

Relevant Documentation:
https://wpml.org/documentation/translating-your-contents/

Problem:
My problem now is that I want to add en-GB as a language. When I try to add English with a code of 'uk' I get an error that 'The Language code already exists.'. I assume this is because the database is pre-populated with Ukraine as a language. This is not unreasonable, but people in the UK often refer to the country as UK not GB, and even if I could change my folder for UK English to be GB it is pre-existing as UK, so this would cost me in SEO which I cannot accept.

Solution:
Deleting a language from WPML is not a good idea.
Instead, you can go to WPML → Languages → Site Languages, press the Add / Remove languages, add the Ukraininan language, then press the Edit Languages link. This way you'll be able to "transform" Ukrainian into UK English.

Relevant Documentation:
https://wpml.org/documentation/getting-started-guide/language-setup/#site-languages

Problem: We are using the Salient Theme and our problem is that the link of the button module of the vpbakery implementation is not pointing to a translated site but to the original

Solution: I added the following code in WPML -> Settings -> Custom XML Configuration tab:

<wpml-config>
    <shortcodes>
        <shortcode>
            <tag>nectar_cta</tag>
            <attributes>
                <attribute>text</attribute>
                <attribute>link_text</attribute>
                <attribute type="link">url</attribute>
            </attributes>
        </shortcode>
        <shortcode>
            <tag>nectar_btn</tag>
            <attributes>
                <attribute type="link">url</attribute>
                <attribute>text</attribute>
            </attributes>
        </shortcode>
    </shortcodes>
</wpml-config>

I would like to ask you to follow these steps:
- Go to WPML -> Settings -> Activate Classic Translation Editor
- Edit the test page in German -> Make a small change in the content -> Save the changes -> Update the translation.

Relevant Documentation:

Problem: Unable to access the sub sections of WooCommerce My Account page in secondary language

Solution: This issue is happening because there are limitations to use different slugs for WooCommerce Endpoints. It works after the following steps. Please try it after a full site backup.

1) Go to Woocommerce>>Settings>>Advanced

2) Scroll down to the endpoints section and save

3) Go to WPML>>String Translation

4) Choose *WP Endpoints* option for *Select strings within domain* drop-down box

5) Delete the WP Endpoints strings registered in Arabic

6) Mark the translation of English WP Endpoints as *Not translated*

7) Visit Settings>>Permalinks and resave the settings

Relevant Documentation: https://wpml.org/forums/topic/my-account-page-dont-work-in-arabic/#post-5878547