Background of the issue:
I am trying to resolve an issue where customers see an error message after purchasing the last product in stock. The error message is: There was an error processing your order. Please check for any charges in your payment method and review your order history before placing the order again. The payment goes through, and I can see the payment intent recorded on the order, but it's complete in Stripe. I have disabled all plugins except for Woocommerce, WPML Multilingual CMS, WooCommerce Stripe Gateway, WooCommerce Multilingual & Multicurrency, and WPML String Translation. The issue does not occur if I disable Multilingual & Multicurrency. The issue persists even if I disable String Translation. Link to a page where the issue can be seen: الرابط المخفي
Symptoms:
Customers see an error message after purchasing the last product in stock, even though the payment goes through.
Questions:
Why does the error message appear after purchasing the last product in stock?
How can I resolve the issue without disabling Multilingual & Multicurrency?
