[Chiuso] Issue with WPML AI Translation Causing Image Source Code to Appear and Custom JS Not Executing

Hello, I used WPML to translate the homepage into Spanish using AI, but I found that part of the image source code is appearing directly on the webpage, and some custom JS is not executing. The issue occurs on both mobile and desktop. What could be causing this, and how can I avoid this problem?

You can see a screen recording of the issue here:
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The URL where this issue appears is:
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