Resolved
Reported for: WPML Multilingual CMS 3.3.6
Overview of the issue
Short links like http://my-site.com/?p=xx do not work for the translated pages and posts. They redirect visitors to a page or a post in the original language instead of the translated one.
Workaround
Go to WPML -> Languages -> Make themes work multilingual, and deselect the Adjust IDs for multilingual functionality option.