Hey Kor, I created a staging site but it seems that the WPML plugin automatically clears its cache when it detects a site URL change, so I cannot recreate the problem on a staging site.
I realized that if I try the WPML troubleshooting options to sync everything and clear the cache, it might flush the redirect.
And this worked. I'm not sure why this is necessary, but the solution -- the way to remove the WPML redirect -- was to use the WPML troubleshooting options to sync and clear the cache.