Thank you. The core issues—that string translation doesn't work for EE and that I can't change the default locale—have been fixed. I could mark this ticket as resolved, but before I do, could you help me understand why I can't delete the original Estonian language? The first time I pressed "Yes, delete all 'Estonian' translations", it took much longer and deleted many posts. But now, it just closes the popup modal and pretends that it has deleted the language, even though that is not the case.
"How do you see the posts aren't deleted?" - Well, because when I refresh the page, WPML indicates that the ET is still present and offers me the option to delete it again. Here is the video from the previous ticket: hidden link.
Also, in the database, we can see that there are still a bunch of terms under the ET language code: hidden link.
Unfortunately, the debug log says nothing. I only receive the PHP warning "PHP Warning: Constant DISALLOW_FILE_EDIT already defined", and I think it is unrelated to the WPML issue.
Since the main issues are fixed and further debugging the issue where we can't delete a language would take too much time we have decided not to look into the matter any further.