If a page has been translated previously and later more content is added in the original page in the default language, how can we make sure that it updates the content (or at least show as review needed) on the translated pages. We had an example where an image and a themify layout part were added, but it wasn't reflected on the translated page. We had to translate the page all over again.
When you edit a page that has an existing translation and make a change, this change will not be automatically pushed to the translation.
Instead you will see that the translation now requires update (will show a "loading circle") and you will need to click on the translation and finish it (the existing translation is already there just need to go through the new content)
An exception to this is the following:
1. The translation is a duplicate
2. You are using the Translate Everything mode from within WPML->Settings->Translation Mode